THE FUTURE OF AMERICAN LANDPOWER: DOES FORWARD PRESENCE STILL MATTER? THE CASE OF THE ARMY IN EUROPE
In fact, the primary purpose of U.S. forces in Eu- rope today is to build interoperability and military capability within and among America’s most capable and most likely future coalition partners through se- curity cooperation activities like exercises and train- ing events. This shift in purpose means that U.S. force presence in Europe is no longer—if indeed it ever was—a useful tool in extracting a greater commitment to increased defense spending on the part of America’s European allies. Nonetheless, through security coop- eration, America’s forward-based military forces in Europe play a critical role today in shaping the capa- bilities of allied military forces. Given the necessity of capable, interoperable coalition partners for the future security threats Washington most expects to encoun- ter, the role of America’s forward military presence in Europe remains as vital as it was at the dawn of the Cold War, but for different reasons. Unfortunately, continuing calls to withdraw even more U.S. forces from Europe threaten to undermine Washington’s ability to develop and maintain capable, interoperable coalition partners.
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Instead of countering a conventional military attack on NATO territory—par- ticularly from Russia—American military forces have come to focus on security cooperation as their primary reason for remaining forward-based in Europe. Given the necessity of capable, interoperable coalition part- ners for the future security threats Washington most expects to encounter—and the downsizing of military force structure occurring across the Alliance—the role of America’s forward military presence in Europe re- mains as vital as it was at the dawn of the Cold War, but for very different reasons. Unfortunately though, threatening to reduce or actually reducing that pres- ence further is no longer useful—if indeed it ever was—as a means of extracting greater defense com- mitments or expenditures from European allies.
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